From Oracle Database 11.2g Security Technical Implementation Guide
Part of SRG-APP-000062-DB-000010
Associated with: CCI-000037
Separation of duties is a prevalent Information Technology control that is implemented at different layers of the information system, including the operating system and in applications. It serves to eliminate or reduce the possibility that a single user may carry out a prohibited action. Separation of duties requires that the person accountable for approving an action is not the same person who is tasked with implementing or carrying out that action.
Check OS settings to determine whether DBMS processes are running under a dedicated OS account. If the DBMS processes are running under shared accounts, this is a finding. This is done by the default installation. The installation documentation recommends that a user account named ORACLE is created and is identified as the software owner. If you log into the system as the software owner, typically ORACLE, the $ORACLE_HOME environment variable will point to the Oracle software. If you enter the following commands you can see if ORACLE is the software owner: $ cd $ORACLE_HOME $ ls -l (shows the directories - oracle is the owner and oinstall is the group) $drwxr-xr-x. 8 oracle oinstall 4096 Aug 9 08:08 apex drwxr-xr-x. 8 oracle oinstall 4096 Aug 9 08:05 assistants drwxr-xr-x. 2 oracle oinstall 12288 Aug 12 09:48 bin drwxr-xr-x. 7 oracle oinstall 4096 Aug 9 08:09 ccr drwxr-xr-x. 3 oracle oinstall 4096 Aug 9 08:09 cdata drwx------. 4 oracle oinstall 4096 Aug 9 08:37 cfgtoollogs drwxr-xr-x. 4 oracle oinstall 4096 Aug 9 08:08 clone drwxr-xr-x. 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Aug 9 08:09 config drwxr-xr-x. 6 oracle oinstall 4096 Aug 9 08:05 crs drwxr-xr-x. 3 oracle oinstall 4096 Aug 9 08:05 csmig drwxr-xr-x. 6 oracle oinstall 4096 Aug 9 08:09 css drwxr-xr-x. 10 oracle oinstall 4096 Aug 9 08:09 ctx drwxr-xr-x. 7 oracle oinstall 4096 Aug 9 08:05 cv drwxr-xr-x. 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Aug 17 23:33 dbs drwxr-xr-x. 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Aug 9 08:08 dc_ocm drwxr-xr-x. 4 oracle oinstall 4096 Aug 9 08:11 deinstall drwxr-xr-x. 3 oracle oinstall 4096 Aug 9 08:05 demo $ ps -ef | grep ora_ (shows all of the oracle processes owned by the oracle user) oracle 7914 1 0 01:02 ? 00:00:13 ora_pmon_mype02 oracle 7916 1 0 01:02 ? 00:00:11 ora_psp0_mype02 oracle 7918 1 0 01:02 ? 00:00:09 ora_vktm_mype02 oracle 7922 1 0 01:02 ? 00:00:02 ora_gen0_mype02 oracle 7924 1 0 01:02 ? 00:00:02 ora_diag_mype02 oracle 7926 1 0 01:02 ? 00:00:02 ora_dbrm_mype02 oracle 7928 1 0 01:02 ? 00:00:40 ora_dia0_mype02 oracle 7930 1 0 01:02 ? 00:00:03 ora_mman_mype02 oracle 7932 1 0 01:02 ? 00:00:09 ora_dbw0_mype02 oracle 7934 1 0 01:02 ? 00:00:11 ora_lgwr_mype02 oracle 7936 1 0 01:02 ? 00:00:17 ora_ckpt_mype02 oracle 7938 1 0 01:02 ? 00:00:08 ora_smon_mype02 oracle 7940 1 0 01:02 ? 00:00:00 ora_reco_mype02 oracle 7942 1 0 01:02 ? 00:00:25 ora_mmon_mype02 oracle 7944 1 0 01:02 ? 00:00:41 ora_mmnl_mype02 oracle 7946 1 0 01:02 ? 00:00:00 ora_d000_mype02 oracle 7948 1 0 01:02 ? 00:00:00 ora_s000_mype02 oracle 7992 1 0 01:02 ? 00:00:00 ora_qmnc_mype02 oracle 8029 1 0 01:02 ? 00:00:16 ora_cjq0_mype02 oracle 8030 2611 0 09:37 pts/3 00:00:00 bash oracle 8090 1 0 01:02 ? 00:00:00 ora_q000_mype02 oracle 8092 1 0 01:02 ? 00:00:00 ora_q001_mype02 oracle 8098 1 0 01:02 ? 00:00:02 ora_smco_mype02
Create an OS account dedicated to Oracle DBMS processes and allow only Oracle DBMS processes to run under the account.
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